Bài giảng Biomedical signal processing and modeling - Introduction
The Nature of Biomedical Signals
• Physiological processes are complex phenomena, including nervous or hormonal stimulation and control.
• Most physiological processes are accompanied by or manifest themselves as signals that reflect their nature and activities:
– Biochemical: hormones & neurotransmitters,
– Electrical: potential or current,
– Physical: pressure or temperature.
• A pathological process is typically associated with signals that are different in some aspects from the corresponding normal signals.
• For example, most infections cause arise in the temperature of the body.
EMG
• Movement and position of limbs are controlled by electrical signals traveling back and forth between the muscles and the peripheral and central nervous system.
• Electromyography (EMG) is the registration and interpretation of these muscle action potentials.
• EMG are recorded primarily for exploratory or diagnostic purposes.
• Functional electrical stimulation (FES).
• Physiological processes are complex phenomena, including nervous or hormonal stimulation and control.
• Most physiological processes are accompanied by or manifest themselves as signals that reflect their nature and activities:
– Biochemical: hormones & neurotransmitters,
– Electrical: potential or current,
– Physical: pressure or temperature.
• A pathological process is typically associated with signals that are different in some aspects from the corresponding normal signals.
• For example, most infections cause arise in the temperature of the body.
EMG
• Movement and position of limbs are controlled by electrical signals traveling back and forth between the muscles and the peripheral and central nervous system.
• Electromyography (EMG) is the registration and interpretation of these muscle action potentials.
• EMG are recorded primarily for exploratory or diagnostic purposes.
• Functional electrical stimulation (FES).
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03/04/2025
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Nội dung text: Bài giảng Biomedical signal processing and modeling - Introduction
- Nguyễn Công Phương BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND MODELING Introduction
- Contents I. Introduction II. Concurrent, Coupled, and Correlated Processes III. Filtering for Removal of Artifacts IV. Detection of Events V. Analysis of Waveshape and Waveform Complexity VI. Frequency Domain Characterization VII.Modeling Biomedical Systems VIII.Analysis of Nonstationary and Multicomponent Signals IX. Pattern Classification and Diagnostic Decision sites.google.com/site/ncpdhbkhn 2
- References [1] R.M. Rangayyan. Biomedical Signal Analysis . Wiley, 2015. [2] J. G. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis. Digital Signal Processing – Principles, Algorithms, and Applications . Prentice – Hall, 1996. [7] sites.google.com/site/ncpdhbkhn sites.google.com/site/ncpdhbkhn 3
- Introduction 1. The Nature of Biomedical Signals 2. Examples of Biomedical Signals 3. Objectives of Biomedical Signal Analysis 4. Difficulties in Biomedical Signal Analysis sites.google.com/site/ncpdhbkhn 4
- The Nature of Biomedical Signals (1) biological material, biological material, neurotransmitters, neurotransmitters, hormones, hormones, signals Physiological signals system & process • Physiological processes are complex phenomena, including nervous or hormonal stimulation and control. • Most physiological processes are accompanied by or manifest themselves as signals that reflect their nature and activities: – Biochemical: hormones & neurotransmitters, – Electrical: potential or current, – Physical: pressure or temperature. sites.google.com/site/ncpdhbkhn 5
- The Nature of Biomedical Signals (2) biological material, Pathological process biological material, neurotransmitters, neurotransmitters, hormones, hormones, signals Physiological signals system & process • A pathological process is typically associated with signals that are different in some aspects from the corresponding normal signals. • For example, most infections cause arise in the temperature of the body. sites.google.com/site/ncpdhbkhn 6
- The Nature of Biomedical Signals (3) s(t) s[n] T t (s) 1 2 5 6 n 0 3 4 7 8 s( t ) s(t) sn[]= st () = snT () t= nT T : sampling period 1 f = : sampling frequency s T sites.google.com/site/ncpdhbkhn 7
- The Nature of Biomedical Signals (4) s(t) t (s) Pressure (mm of Hg) of Pressure(mm s(t) xt1() xn 1 [] x()t= ; x [] n = xt2() xn 2 [] sites.google.com/site/ncpdhbkhn 8
- Introduction 1. The Nature of Biomedical Signals 2. Examples of Biomedical Signals a) Action Potentials b) Electrocardiography (ECG) c) Electromyography (EMG) d) Electroencephalography (EEG) 3. Objectives of Biomedical Signal Analysis 4. Difficulties in Biomedical Signal Analysis sites.google.com/site/ncpdhbkhn 9
- Action Potentials (1) • PK = 100 PNa Vm = –81.40 mV (resting state). • PK = 0.5 PNa Vm = 14.98 mV (excited state). • Membranes create action potentials by actively changing their permeabilities to ions such as sodium and potassium. • The change of permeability from resting to excited values and then back again allows the membrane to generate an action potential . • Cardiac action potential & nerve action potential. sites.google.com/site/ncpdhbkhn 10
